Mongolia is a country in East Asia, located between the People’s Republic of China and the Russian Federation. Mongolia’s land area is 1,564,000 square kilometers; yet with a population of only 3.1 million, the country has the world’s lowest population density. Mongolia is predominantly a nation of young people with a median age of 27 years. Of its population, 30% are below 14 years old, and only 3.8% are above the age of 65.